Monday, November 28, 2011

Voting starts in Egypt's landmark elections

Egyptian women line up out side a polling center in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Nov. 28, 2011 . Voting began on Monday in Egypt's first parliamentary elections since longtime authoritarian leader Hosni Mubarak was ousted in a popular uprising nine months ago. The vote is a milestone many Egyptians hope will usher in a democratic age after decades of dictatorship. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil)

Egyptian women line up out side a polling center in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Nov. 28, 2011 . Voting began on Monday in Egypt's first parliamentary elections since longtime authoritarian leader Hosni Mubarak was ousted in a popular uprising nine months ago. The vote is a milestone many Egyptians hope will usher in a democratic age after decades of dictatorship. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil)

An Egyptian army soldier guards as women line up outside a polling center in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Nov. 28, 2011. Voting began on Monday in Egypt's first parliamentary elections since longtime authoritarian leader Hosni Mubarak was ousted in a popular uprising nine months ago. The vote is a milestone many Egyptians hope will usher in a democratic age after decades of dictatorship. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil)

Two Egyptian army soldiers guard a polling station in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Nov. 28, 2011. Egyptians are voting in parliamentary elections for the first time since the popular uprising that overthrew President Hosni Mubarak in February. (AP Photo/Bernat Armangue)

An Egyptian army soldier guards as voters wait outside a polling center in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Nov. 28, 2011. Voting began on Monday in Egypt's first parliamentary elections since longtime authoritarian leader Hosni Mubarak was ousted in a popular uprising nine months ago. The vote is a milestone many Egyptians hope will usher in a democratic age after decades of dictatorship. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil)

Egyptian women wait to cast their vote outside a polling station in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Nov. 28, 2011. Egyptians are voting in parliamentary elections for the first time since the popular uprising that overthrew President Hosni Mubarak in February. (AP Photo/Bernat Armangue)

(AP) ? Shaking off years of political apathy, Egyptians on Monday began voting in their nation's first parliamentary elections since Hosni Mubarak's ouster, a giant step toward what many in the country hope will be a democratic Egypt after decades of dictatorship.

The landmark election has already been marred by turmoil in the streets, and the population is sharply polarized and confused over the nation's direction. Still, the vote promises to be the fairest and cleanest election in Egypt in living memory, and long lines outside polling centers early in the day pointed to a respectable turnout.

The Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt's largest and best organized group, along with its Islamist allies are expected to do well in the vote, which has been a source of concern for secular and liberal Egyptians eager to keep religion and politics separate.

Voters stood in long lines outside some polling centers in Cairo well before they opened at 8 a.m. local time (0600GMT), a rare sign of interest in political participation after decades of apathy created by the mass rigging of almost every election.

The last parliamentary vote held under Mubarak, who was forced to step down in February after an 18-day uprising, was in November and December last year. That vote was heavily rigged, and Mubarak's then-ruling party won all but a handful of seats.

"I am voting for freedom. We lived in slavery. Now we want justice in freedom," said 50-year-old Iris Nawar as she was about to vote in the district of Maadi, a Cairo suburb.

"We are afraid of the Muslim Brotherhood. But we lived for 30 years under Mubarak, we will live with them, too," said Nawar, a first-time voter.

In the upscale neighborhood of Zamalek, some 500 voters waited in line outside a polling station in a school. Shahira Ahmed, 45, was there with her husband and daughter. Like Nawar, Ahmed was casting her first ballot.

"I never voted because I was never sure it was for real. This time, I hope it is, but I am not positive. The most important thing is to have a liberal and a civilized country, I mean no fanatics," she said, alluding to the Islamists, who hope their domination of the next parliament will bring them closer to realizing their dream of creating an Islamic Egypt.

The election is taking place with protesters back on the streets. This time, they are demanding that military ruler Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi and his council of generals, accused of bungling the transition, step down immediately. Nine days of clashes that have left more than 40 dead have heightened fears of violence at polling stations.

More critically, the political crisis has cast doubt on the legitimacy of the vote, potentially rendering the parliament that emerges irrelevant.

Egypt's military rulers, who took over from Mubarak, decided to forge ahead with the elections despite the new wave of unrest, scenes starkly reminiscent of the anti-Mubarak uprising. On Monday morning in Cairo's Tahrir Square, the center of the original uprising, a relatively small crowd of a few thousand remained to keep the round-the-clock protests going.

Tantawi and other generals have pledged to ensure a clean election, and large numbers of troops and police were deployed on Monday to protect thousands of polling centers. Foreign groups sent missions to witness the vote, but officially the military banned international election observers.

The election for the 498-seat People's Assembly, parliament's lower chamber, will be held in three stages ending in January. Voting will then begin for the 390-seat upper chamber, also in three stages, to conclude in March.

Monday's vote will take place in nine provinces whose residents account for 24 million of Egypt's estimated 85 million people. Most prominent of the nine provinces are Cairo and Alexandria, Egypt's second largest city.

Run-off elections for all six stages will take place a week after each of the six rounds. Voting in each stage has been extended by one extra day, a decision made by the military to boost the turnout.

In Alexandria, thousands of voters braved rain and strong winds to go to the polls. Long lines formed outside polling centers, with voters huddling under umbrellas. At one polling center in the Raml neighborhood, around a half dozen army soldiers stood guard by the ballot boxes inside.

"Choose freely, choose whomever you want to vote for," said one soldier, using a microphone.

Alexandria is a stronghold of the Brotherhood and many voters said they would vote for the group, which spent some six decades as an outlawed organization before it became legal following Mubarak's ouster.

"The Muslim Brotherhood are the people who have stood by us when times were difficult," said Ragya el-said, a 47-year-old lawyer. "We have a lot of confidence in them."

___

Associated Press writers Maggie Michael in Cairo, Hadeel al-Shalchi in Alexandria, Egypt contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2011-11-28-ML-Egypt/id-d1debebc3f43476c8e5ca9152299321b

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India supply chain chaos next hurdle for global retailers (Reuters)

MUMBAI (Reuters) ? Seven years ago, when India's Future Group retail giant sent shipments from Mumbai on the country's west coast to Kolkata in the north-east, the products took 10 nervous days to arrive.

"You sent the goods, and until you received them, you just prayed," said Anshuman Singh, managing director and chief executive officer of Future Supply Chains. "There was just a black hole until they finally reached the destination."

Since then, he has wrestled with shoddy roads, minimal cold storage capacity and a myriad of state regulations and taxes to cut the journey to 72 hours. That challenge is all to come for foreign retailers eyeing a slice of India's $450 billion market.

Major cities in Asia's third-largest economy are thousands of miles apart, connected by pot-holed and clogged roads or creaking railways where wagons are in short supply.

Global giants such as Wal-Mart may be eager to start selling their wares to 1.2 billion people, but a need to first tackle India's logistical headaches will likely mean they will be heavily dependent on local expertise.

The government last week approved 51 percent foreign direct investment in supermarkets, ending years of legislative hand-wringing over a policy seen modernising the industry.

To appease those who say it will destroy local shopkeepers, rules mean foreign retailers must source almost a third of their produce from small industries, invest a minimum of $100 million and spend half of that on "back end" supply infrastructure.

"Global retailers have expertise from around the world, but in India they will have to develop it," said Singh, who ships 2 million items a day, including 95 percent of the goods sold by Future Group's retail arm, Pantaloon Retail India Ltd.

"They will all have to go through the learning curve on their own."

Today, GPS tracking means each of his firm's consignments are monitored every metre, from a vast warehouse outside Mumbai to the bright aisles of an air-conditioned Kolkata supermarket.

CHAOTIC SUPPLY

At 4 a.m. every day, hundreds of vegetable traders begin to pack the pavements of one of Mumbai's trunk roads. Hours later, milling retail customers and piles of pungent produce bring three lanes of traffic to a halt in the morning sunshine.

Mounds of potatoes lie inches from the tyres of trucks and cars trundling past, as traders dodge commuters to carry sacks of coriander and boxes of cabbages on their shoulders through clouds of exhaust fumes and the stench of rotting produce.

Around 30 percent of India's vast fruit and vegetable production goes to waste due to a traditional supply network that uses hand-pulled wooden carts more than refrigerated freight wagons and keeps fresh produce highly regionalised.

"India cannot be seen as easy," Viney Singh, managing director of Max Hypermarkets, a six-year old local supermarket chain with a licence from European retailer Spar told Reuters.

"There are some players that have been in the retail business for more than 10 years, and til date there is no hypermarket player that has made any money."

The chaos of Mumbai's Dadar market is a universe away from Future Supply Chain's chilled 125,000 square foot (11,600 sq metre) warehouse 50 km (30 miles) from the city, where fork-lifts move crates on shelves rising up to the 17 metre-high (53-foot) roof, and 150 workers feed hundreds of metres of computer-controlled conveyor belts.

"Retail is all about filling the shelves, on time, every time," said Future Supply Chain's Singh.

"In India, the technical know-how, expertise... requires a lot of learning, it is not common knowledge here."

His six-month old site in Bhiwandi is one of 50 warehouses across the country that supply the Future Group's outlets in 300 cities -- attracting over 300 million footfalls a year.

LOCAL KNOWLEDGE

Some global players with sourcing operations in India, such as London-listed Tesco Plc, have first-hand experience of the country's poor warehouse space, unreliable transport links and chronic lack of cold-chain storage.

Without local expertise or a huge amount of investment, domestic retail executives say overseas players could struggle to stack the shelves.

"It certainly will not be easy for players coming in," said Max Hypermarket's Singh, whose chain has nine stores in India and plans for five more before March 2012.

A race to gain market share in one of the world's largest untapped markets is likely to spur lucrative deals for local players with established supply chains, industry analysts say.

That could mean a windfall for firms such as Pantaloon, the Tata Group's Trent Ltd and Shopper's Stop Ltd, and make local expertise a valuable currency in getting products to market quickly and cheaply.

"If some of them want to throw dollars, burn some cash to build it, they can," said Future Supply Chain's Singh.

"We are ready made for them. They can use us."

(Editing by Alistair Scrutton and Ron Popeski)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/india/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111127/india_nm/india607492

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